节点:中游(冶炼、中间品)位置:中游情绪:中性参考度:2/10


印度计划到2030年将粗钢产能扩大至每年3亿吨,这正日益暴露其因严重依赖进口冶金煤而产生的结构性脆弱性——能源经济与金融分析研究所(IEEFA)的分析显示。

该报告指出,印度目前近90%的冶金煤需求依赖进口。随着约1.82亿吨/年的高炉产能处于规划或建设中,额外煤炭需求可能每年增加约1.4亿吨,加剧对全球价格波动和供应中断的风险敞口。尽管政府“炼焦煤使命”计划目标是2030年国内产量达1.4亿吨,但钢铁产能增长预计仍将超过本土供应扩张速度。

基于氢的直接还原铁(DRI)被视为长期战略路径。IEEFA认为,直接还原铁-电弧炉生产是减少煤炭消耗的可行途径。气基DRI虽比传统高炉减排,但持续依赖进口天然气限制长期能源安全效益;而本土可再生能源制绿氢更可持续,可同时降低排放强度和原材料进口依赖。预测显示,印度绿钢需求2030年或达449万吨,仅炼钢每年需约500万吨氢气。

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