节点：中游（冶炼、中间品）位置：中游情绪：利好参考度：6/10
美国航空航天及芯片产业正面临稀土短缺困境，尽管中美曾达成贸易休战，但关键稀土品种钇、钪的供应持续趋紧。供应商反馈已启动材料配给机制，部分客户订单出现交付延迟。此类稀土资源主要依赖中国进口，对喷气发动机、涡轮机及先进半导体组件的生产至关重要，其供应波动直接影响高端制造环节的稳定性。
全球稀土需求增长背景下，美国相关领域短缺压力加剧。作为高温发动机涂层核心原料的钇，自去年11月以来价格已上涨60%。北美部分供应商为保障有限库存，已优先向大客户倾斜供应。同时，钪的稀缺性正威胁下一代5G芯片生产——美国半导体企业完全依赖进口钪用于特种铝合金及芯片组件，中国出口许可证审批延迟迫..
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