节点:中游(冶炼、中间品)位置:中游情绪:利空参考度:4/10
中东地缘冲突对中国钢材出口及铁矿石进口的影响呈现短期冲击与结构性变化特征。钢材出口方面,对伊朗直接出口规模有限(2025年26.67万吨,占总出口0.22%),但波斯湾七国出口占比达12.5%(2025年1395万吨),霍尔木兹海峡封锁导致物流中断、运费跳涨3000美元/柜、战争险保费上涨200%、航程延长14-20天,短期出口订单或承压;间接层面,伊朗粗钢产能约5500万吨,封锁致港口停运、原料进口受阻,其2025年约1100万吨钢材出口或锐减,释放中东、东南亚市场需求缺口,中国钢材因供应链安全性溢价,热轧卷板等品种订单增量显著,高附加值产品出口潜力需关注。
铁矿石进口方面,2025年从伊朗进口量仅570万吨(占总进口0.45%),月均47万吨,供应扰动可控;伊朗铁矿石以自给为主,出口为余量,封锁后可通过调节内需缓冲,全球供给总量波动有限。但间接成本压力凸显:运输需绕行好望角推升运费,叠加战争险附加费;原油价格上涨联动推高焦煤、电力成本,间接影响铁矿石开采与运输。应对上需加速拓展巴西、澳大利亚ǭ..
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