节点:中游(冶炼、中间品)位置:中游情绪:利空参考度:6/10


《中国有色金属行业产能问题及行业模式借鉴探讨》

中国有色金属工业协会(CNMIA)认为,北京针对中国铝行业产能过剩的解决方案或许可成为其他金属行业的模板,并建议对中国、铅和锌冶炼厂实施类似铝行业的产能上限。

近年来,中国这三种金属的加工产能增长速度远超矿山产能,导致原材料紧缺,严重压缩了冶炼厂的利润空间。西方多家冶炼厂已降低开工率或全面停产,中国企业也因前期过度投资而面临困境。

“内卷”现象显著:CNMIA官员段绍福指出,“内卷式”的激烈竞争削弱了企业在原材料采购中的议价能力,压缩利润,威胁行业可持续发展。在中国,“内卷”指的是产能过剩行业中过度且自我消耗的竞争。以铜原材料行业为例,2025年前九个月,中国冶炼产能大幅扩张,精炼产量同比增长12%,但对原料的竞争异常激烈。冶炼厂核心收入来源的现货加工费已连续数月为负,长期基准加工费更是降至零,如中国冶炼厂与智利矿企Antofagasta谈判后同意免费加工其精矿。锌加工费在2024年底转负,虽..

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